| Canonical Name: | MGRO J2019+37 |
| TeVCat Name: | TeV J2019+368 |
| Other Names: | 0FGL J2020.8+3649, Dragonfly,
VER J2019+368, VER J2016+371 |
| Source Type: | PWN |
| R.A.: | 20 18 35.03 (hh mm ss) |
| Dec.: | +36 50 00.0 (dd mm ss) |
| Gal Long: | 74.92 (deg) |
| Gal Lat: | 0.51 (deg) |
| Distance: | |
| Flux: | 0.67 (Crab Units) |
| Energy Threshold: | 3500 GeV |
| Spectral Index: | 2 |
| Extended: | Yes |
| Size (X): | 0.75 (deg) |
| Size (Y): | 0.75 (deg) |
| Discovery Date: | 2007-03 |
| Discovered By: | Milagro |
| TeVCat SubCat: | Default Catalog |
Source Notes:
Source position and its uncertainty:
From
Abdo et al. (2012):
- R.A.: 304.646 +/- 0.008 deg (= 20 18 35.03)
- Dec.: 36.847 +/- 0.006 deg (= 36 50 00.0)
From
Abdo et al. (2007):
- R.A.: 304.83 +/- 0.14 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst) deg (= 20 19 19.20)
- Dec.: 36.83 +/- 0.08 (stat) +/- 0.25 (syst) deg (= 36 49 48.0)
From
Abdo et al. (2009):
- R.A.: 20h 18m43s
- Dec.:36d 42m
- with a 0.09deg error circle
Source Extent:
From
Abdo et al. (2012):
- A fit of a two-dimensional Gaussian gives sigma = 0.75deg (radius)
From
Abdo et al. (2007):
- Extent diameter: 1.1 +/- 0.5 (computed using only large events)
From
Abdo et al. (2007):
- A fit of the source to a circular two-dimensional Gaussian
gives sigma = 0.32 +/- 0.12.
- A fit with an elliptical two-dimensional Gaussian gives an ~2
times larger extent in the direction of RA than Dec.
Source Association:
From
Cao et al. (2021):
- MGRO J2019+37 may be associated with
LHAASO J2018+3651
From
Gotthelf et al. (2016):
- "We present NuSTAR hard X-ray observations of Sh 2–104, a compact
HII region containing sev- eral young massive stellar clusters
(YMSCs). We have detected distinct hard X-ray sources coincident with
localized VERITAS TeV emission recently resolved from the giant
gamma-ray complex MGRO J2019+37 in the Cygnus region."
From
Aliu et al (2014):
- The VERITAS sources
VER J2016+371 and
VER J2019+368
are associated with this source.
From
Saha & Bhattacharjee (2014):
- the origin of the gamma-ray emission from MGRO J2019+37 is
investigated in the context of the pulsar wind scenario
- the authors report that:
- "the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) mechanism of origin of the
observed TeV gamma rays within the PWN scenario is severely
constrained by the upper limit on the radio flux from the region
around MGRO J2019+37" "as well as by the x-ray flux upper limit from
SWIFT/XRT".
- this would imply an extremely compact emission region which would be
"at least four orders of magnitude less than the characteristic size
of the emission region typically invoked in explaining the TeV
emission through the SSC mechanism within the PWN scenario"
- the authors conclude that "inverse Compton scattering of the nebular
high energy electrons on the cosmic microwave background photons can,
for reasonable ranges of values of various parameters, explain the
observed TeV flux"
From
Acero et al. (2013):
- This LAT emission from this source below 10 GeV is likely from a
pulsar
From
Abdo et al. (2009):
- This source is associated with a Fermi pulsar
and is therefore postulated to be the PWN of this pulsar
- The position of the Milagro excess is 0.3deg from the pulsar.
Flux:
From
Abdo et al. (2012):
- Flux normalisation for a power law with exponential cutoff
is 7 +5(stat) -2(stat) x10e-10 s-1 m-2 TeV-1 at 10 TeV
- The overall flux is subject to a 30% syst. uncertainty
From
Abdo et al. (2009):
- The flux quoted here is based on a comparison of the quoted Milagro flux
at 35 TeV of 108.3e-17 /TeV /s /cm2 with that from the Crab
(162.6e-17 /TeV /s /cm2) also quoted at 35 TeV.
Spectral Information:
From
Abdo et al. (2012):
- the preferred spectral fit is a power law with an exponential cutoff
- Spectral index: 2.0 +0.5(stat) -1.0(stat) +/- 0.1(syst)
- Cutoff energy: 29 +50 -16 TeV
Seen by: Milagro, VERITAS
-
Ultrahigh-energy photons up to 1.4 petaelectronvolts from 12 gamma-ray Galactic sources
Cao, Z., Aharonian, F.A., An, Q., et al., Nature 594 p33-36 (2021) [LINK]
-
The Hunt for Pevatrons: The Case of Supernova Remnants
Cristofari, P., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2110.07956 (2021) [LINK]
-
MAGIC observations of Dragonfly Nebula at TeV Energies using the Very Large Zenith Angle Technique
Zaric, D. et al., 36 p827 (2019) [LINK]
-
Hard X-ray Emission from Sh2-104: A NuSTAR search for Gamma-ray Counterparts
Gotthelf, E.V. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
-
The VERITAS Survey of the Cygnus Region of the Galaxy
Popkow, A. and for the VERITAS Collaboration, ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
-
Constraints on the synchrotron self-Compton mechanism of TeV gamma ray emission from the Milagro TeV source MGRO J2019+37 within the pulsar wind nebula scenario
Saha, L. and Bhattacharjee, P., Journal of High Energy Astrophysics 5 p9-14 (2015) [LINK]
-
Spatially Resolving the Very High Energy Emission from MGRO J2019+37 with VERITAS
Aliu, E. et al., ApJ 788 p78 (2014) [LINK]
-
Constraints on the Galactic Population of TEV Pulsar Wind Nebulae Using Fermi Large Area Telescope Observations
Acero, F. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2013) [LINK]
-
Recent VERITAS Results on VHE Gamma-ray Sources in Cygnus
Ong, R.A. and for the VERITAS Collaboration, ArXiv e-prints p (2013) [LINK]
-
Observation of TeV gamma rays from the Cygnus region with the ARGO-YBJ experiment
Bartoli, B. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2012) [LINK]
-
Spectrum and Morphology of the Two Brightest Milagro Sources in the Cygnus Region: MGRO J2019+37 and MGRO J2031+41
Abdo, A.A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2012) [LINK]
-
Observation of TeV Gamma Rays from the Cygnus Region with the ARGO-YBJ Experiment
Bartoli, B. et al., ApJ 745 pL22 (2012) [LINK]
-
Observations of SNR CTA 1 and the Cyg OB1 region with VERITAS
Aliu, E., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
-
Galactic Sources of High-Energy Neutrinos: Highlights
Vissani, F. and Aharonian, F., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
-
Milagro Observations of Multi-TeV Emission from Galactic Sources in the Fermi Bright Source List
Abdo, A.A. et al., ApJ 700 pL127-L131 (2009) [LINK]
-
A radio and near-infrared mini-survey of the MGRO J2019+37 complex
Paredes, J.M. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2008) [LINK]
-
Discovery of TeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Cygnus Region of the Galaxy
Abdo, A.A. et al., ApJ 658 pL33-L36 (2007) [LINK]
-
TeV Gamma-Ray Sources from a Survey of the Galactic Plane with Milagro
Abdo, A.A. et al., ApJ 664 pL91-L94 (2007) [LINK]
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