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Observation Date (UT) Observation Lat

Canonical Name:IC 310
TeVCat Name:TeV J0316+413
Other Names:MAGIC J0317+413
Source Type:AGN (unknown type)
R.A.:03 16 43.0 (hh mm ss)
Dec.:+41 19 29 (dd mm ss)
Gal Long: 150.18 (deg)
Gal Lat: -13.73 (deg)
Distance: z=0.0189
Flux:0.025 (Crab Units)
Energy Threshold:100 GeV
Spectral Index:
Extended:No
Discovery Date:2010-03
Discovered By: MAGIC
TeVCat SubCat:Default Catalog

Source Notes:

Source position and its uncertainty:
From Mariotti et al.(2010):
- RA (J2000): 03 16 43.0
- Dec (J2000): +41 19 29
- no information available on positional uncertainty

Source Association:
Fermi: Neronov et al.
- this source is detected by Fermi with 6 sigma significance
in the energy range 30 GeV < E< 300 GeV.

MAGIC ATel
- "The emission position is consistent with the head-tail radio galaxy
IC310 (z=0.0189, RA: 03 16 43.0 Dec: +41 19 29, J2000) located
in the outer region of the Perseus cluster of galaxies (Abell 426)."

Classification:
Initially, this source was classified as an AGN of unknown type in
TeVCat. It was updated (121113) to a HBL based on its
classification in the Fermi 2nd AGN Catalog (Ackermann et al. 2012).
Subsequently (181016), it has been re-classified as an AGN of unknown type
due to the discussion in Rieger & Levinson (2018).
From Gendron-Marsolais et al. (2020):
- "Two new distinct, narrowly collimated jets are visible in IC 310,
consistent with a highly projected narrow-angle tail radio galaxy
infalling into the cluster. We show how this is in agreement with
its blazar-like behaviour, implying that blazars and bent-jet radio
galaxies are not mutually exclusive.

From Rieger & Levinson (2018):
- The authors provide an overview of the source properties in the
context of a discussion of its classification:
- "The source ... has shown extreme VHE variability during a strong
flare in November 2012, revealing VHE flux variations on timescales as
short as delta-t of 5 minutes"
- "The 2012 VHE flare spectrum appears compatible with a single, hard
power law of photon index of approx. -2 (and possibly as low as
approx. -1.5) over a range from 70 GeV to 8.3 TeV, with no indications
of any internal absorption."
- "The source can reach high VHE flux levels, corresponding to an
isotropic-equivalent luminosity of 2 ×10e44 erg s−1."
- "IC 310 is commonly believed [e.g., Aleksic et al., 2014] to harbour
a black hole of mass 3 ×10e8 M_solar [but see also Berton et al., 2015,
for a ten times smaller estimate] and has for some time been
classified as a head-tail RG."
- "The apparent lack of jet bending along with more recent indications
for a one-sided pc-scale radio jet inclined at an angle of < approx. 38 deg
suggests, however, that IC 310 is a transitional source at the borderline
dividing low-luminosity RGs and BL Lac objects Kadler et al. (2012)."
- "The extreme VHE variability along with the high VHE power and the
hard gamma-ray spectrum are surprising findings for a misaligned
source."
- "IC 310 has subsequently (post - Nov 2017) shown a rather low TeV
emission state with a steeper spectrum (index approx. -2.4) measured
up to approx. 3 TeV and with little evidence for variability. The
multi-wavelength SED during this state appears to be satisfactorily
reproducible with a one-zone SSC model using parameters that are
comparable to those found for other misaligned, gamma-ray emitting AGN
[13]."

From The MAGIC Collaboration et al. (2013):
- "The rapid variability measured in gamma rays and X-rays confirms
the blazar-like behavior of the source. The spectral behavior measured
in both energy bands suggest IC 310 could be linked to extreme HBL
objects. The apparent luminosity of IC 310 is a few orders of
magnitude lower than other extreme HBLs however and, atypical for an
HBL, it harbors a kiloparsec-scale radio structure. Thus, IC 310 could
be a peculiar type of a HBL."

Distance:
- the redshift of z=0.0189 +/- 0.000033 comes from Bernardi et al. (2002)


Seen by: MAGIC, LHAASO, VERITAS
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